Vaccination is not necessary for short-term travel to urban areas; however, it is recommended if you will be engaging in activities that increase the risk of infection, such as visiting rural areas, hiking, or camping.
The Nepal Ministry of Health and Population launched a vaccination campaign in 2006 focusing on the most affected populations in Banke, Bardia, Dang, and Kailali districts, later expanding to other areas. In 2015, the vaccine was integrated into the regular immunization schedule for children under 15. The WHO reports vaccination coverage for Japanese Encephalitis in 2024 to be 94 percent. Individuals who were over 15 years old and therefore not eligible at the time of the campaign are the most affected, accounting for most reported cases. The recent resurgence indicates gaps in ongoing adult immunity. Additional vaccination or catch-up efforts may be necessary to reduce adult mortality rates.
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