1 Introduction—Defining the Internet of Things (IoT)
The fast Internet of Things (IoT) adoption has transformed modern industries and daily life, creating interconnected environments that deliver unprecedented efficiency and convenience. However, this extensive integration of IoT devices has also introduced significant cybersecurity risks. The Internet of Things (IoT) has attracted the attention of cybersecurity professionals after cyber-attackers started using IoT devices as botnets (Palekar and Radhika, 2022). IoT devices are often vulnerable to various cyber threats, including distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, botnet exploitation, and data breaches, all of which can compromise critical systems’ integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Understanding and mitigating the risks associated with IoT deployments is crucial in this evolving landscape, especially given the interdependencies between IoT components and systems.
1.1 Motivation
The primary motivation for this research arises from the pressing need to develop a comprehensive framework for assessing cyber risks in IoT environments. While several risk assessment models have been developed, only some fully…
