During the last 12 months, Critical Infrastructure (CI) or Critical National Infrastructure (CNI) around the world (and just recently, the Port of Nagoya, the largest and busiest port in Japan and the Office of the Attorney General and Ministry of Legal Affairs (AGLA), Trinidad and Tobago) have suffered critical cyber-attacks by cyber-criminals, causing operational services issues, data losses and data breaches – all of which affect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of systems and services. Communicating it differently, the trust in such systems, services, and operations is affected for unknown periods, while incident management activities and processes are comprehensively undertaken to provide trust verification and certification. Services to the public and to other entities, are often impacted.
CI can be classified as systems, operations, and or services that are essential to society as a whole and the economic development of a country, and if compromised, they create dire consequences for the society and the economy as a whole. Healthcare and public hospitals, transportation, education, electricity generation, water authorities, Government facilities,…
